The peripheral form has been observed after manipulation of the airway for orotracheal intubation. 1 However, the eponym has been used in reference to a crossed syndrome of dorsal medullary origin (with involvement of the hypoglossal and ambiguus nuclei and the pyramidal tract), 2,3 and to describe peripheral involvement of the vagus and hypoglossal nerves at the cervical level. Tapia syndrome is defined as paralysis of one side of the tongue and the ipsilateral vocal cord, with preserved soft palate motility, secondary to concurrent lesions to the hypoglossal and vagus nerves (the twelfth and tenth cranial nerves, respectively).Īntonio García Tapia, a Spanish otorhinolaryngologist, first described the syndrome in 1904 in a patient with an upper neck injury from a bull’s horn (“matador’s disease”).
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March 2023
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